Since informed me on the Inclusion, specific adjectives are polysemous in a manner that each feel drops into an excellent additional family of the brand new categories simply presented. Believe including the adjective economic when you look at the Analogy (1), constant here as the Example (9) for comfort. The two chief sensory faculties out of economic instantiate this new relational (experience for the Example (9a)) as well as the qualitative category (experience inside Analogy (9b)), correspondingly.
Instances of typical polysemy between the intensional and qualitative categories and are present, given that portrayed inside Instances (12) and (13)
Crucially for our intentions, inside all the senses the new adjective shows the newest qualities out-of each one of the associated kinds. Whenever made use of because an excellent relational adjective, this is simply not gradable and cannot be used during the an excellent pre-affordable standing (Analogy (10)). On the experiments you to realize, i aim at trapping this crossbreed choices.
When utilized once the an excellent qualitative adjective, it is gradable and it may be used predicatively (see Analogy (11))
Antic enjoys two significant sensory faculties, a good qualitative one to (comparable to ‘old, ancient’) and an enthusiastic intensional one (equivalent to ‘former’). Mention once more you to, whenever utilized in the latest intensional experience, it showcases functions of intensional category: It looks pre-nominally (Analogy (13a)) that will be perhaps not gradable (Analogy (13b)).
Brand new classification regarding alternative category, that event-relevant adjectives, in addition to introduces typical polysemy, especially, ranging from experiences-associated and qualitative adjectives, because represented in Advice (14) and you may (15). This new participial adjective sabut (‘known’) features an event-associated experience, equal to the newest verb saber (‘know’), and you may a beneficial qualitative experience which is often translated just like the ‘wise’. Additionally, the brand new deverbal adjective cridaner produced what is matchbox from cridar (‘to help you shout’) alternates anywhere between an event-related sense and good qualitative feel.
Examples (14) and you may (15) depict instances of regular polysemy because, as can getting drawn in the translations, there’s a medical shift of a transparent loved ones on the skills in order to an excellent one bears a faraway regards to the function. In the case of sabut the fresh new family is obvious (if a person understands much, he could be wise); when it comes to cridaner, a shirt qualifies towards the adjective when it is for example loud-colored otherwise possess a peculiar clipped, in order that it increases the interest men and women, given that screaming do.
In this post, i only thought sorts of polysemy one to clipped along the group pursued. Other types of polysemy that have usually started undertaken about literary works will never be considered. For instance, we’re going to not be concerned about the brand new polysemy depicted within the Analogy (16), and therefore arguably features a whole lot more to do with new semantics of the changed noun than simply regarding this new adjective (Pustejovsky 1995). All of the uses out of trist (‘sad’) portrayed during the Analogy (16) end up in the brand new qualitative group, therefore, up against the really works by the Lapata (2000; Lapata (2001) cited prior to now, we do not dump the brand new adjective since the polysemous on perspective of establish tests.
Considering the hybrid decisions of polysemous adjectives informed me in the Section step 3, we can anticipate which they work in different ways regarding adjectives on earliest groups. For-instance, adjectives polysemous anywhere between a qualitative and you may an excellent relational fool around with will be exhibit far more research for gradability than simply sheer relational adjectives, but lower than sheer qualitative adjectives. Within see, polysemous adjectives fall under a category, as an example, the brand new qualitative-relational group, that’s distinctive from the qualitative and the relational groups, typically indicating ability philosophy which can be among that from this new very first kinds. Within part, we article on studies research truthfully so it model to have normal polysemy. We’ll therefore distinguish anywhere between five brand of adjectives: qualitative, intensional, relational, polysemous ranging from an excellent qualitative and you will a keen intensional training (intensional-qualitative), and you will polysemous anywhere between a qualitative and you will a beneficial relational training (qualitative-relational). There was one to polysemous category missing (intensional-relational). Zero instances of polysemy anywhere between intensional and relational adjectives was indeed observed within our analysis.